Abstract
MetCoOp is a Nordic collaboration on operational Numerical Weather Prediction based on a common limited-area km-scale ensemble system. The initial states are produced using a 3-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme utilizing a large amount of observations from conventional in-situ measurements, weather radars, global navigation satellite system, advanced scatterometer data and satellite radiances from various satellite platforms. A version of the forecasting system which is aimed for future operations has been prepared for an enhanced assimilation of microwave radiances. This enhanced data assimilation system will use radiances from the Microwave Humidity Sounder, the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A and the Micro-Wave Humidity Sounder-2 instruments on-board the Metop-C and Fengyun-3 C/D polar orbiting satellites. The implementation process includes channel selection, set-up of an adaptive bias correction procedure, and careful monitoring of data usage and quality control of observations. The benefit of the additional microwave observations in terms of data coverage and impact on analyses, as derived using the degree of freedom of signal approach, is demonstrated. A positive impact on forecast quality is shown, and the effect on the precipitation for a case study is examined. Finally, the role of enhanced data assimilation techniques and adaptions towards nowcasting are discussed.
摘要
MetCoOp是芬兰气象研究所(FMI)、挪威气象部(MET Norway)和瑞典气象水文研究所(SMHI)之间的合作机制,合作的主要目的是提供一个基于一般有限区域公里级集成系统的业务数值天气预报平台。初始条件由一种三维变分数据同化方案产生,该方案利用了大量由常规地面观测、天气雷达、全球导航卫星系统以及由多颗卫星得到的高级散射计数据和辐射数据等观测数据。一套应用增强微波辐射同化数据并面向未来业务运行的天气预报系统一直在研发,这套增强数值同化系统将同化Metop-C搭载的高级微波探测计A(AMSU-A)辐射数据以及FY-3C/D搭载的微波湿度计(MWHS)和微波湿度计2(MWHS-2)辐射数据。实现过程包括通道选择、建立一个自适应偏差校正程序、精细地监测数据使用情况并对观测结果进行质量控制。本文采用信号自由度方法论证了增加的微波观测在数据覆盖与影响分析等方面带来的优势。从分析结果来看,微波观测对天气预报质量产生了正的影响,并利用一次降水过程进行了验证。最后,本文讨论了增强数据同化技术的作用以及对临近预报的适应性。
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Acknowledgements
The work has been carried out within MetCoOp. We acknowledge Philippe Chambon for support and discussions regarding handling of PMW radiances in HARMONIE-AROME. We are grateful for technical assistance from Eoin WHELAN, Frank GUILLAUME, Ulf ANDRE, and Ole VIGNES. We are grateful to Susanna HAGELIN for support on improving the readability of the manuscript. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for useful comments.
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Article Highlights
• Presentation of an advanced handling of satellite-based microwave radiances in a northern European limited-area data assimilation system.
• A positive impact on forecast quality of assimilation of microwave radiances from instruments on-board the Metop-C and Fengyun-3 C/D satellites is demonstrated.
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Lindskog, M., Dybbroe, A. & Randriamampianina, R. Use of Microwave Radiances from Metop-C and Fengyun-3 C/D Satellites for a Northern European Limited-area Data Assimilation System. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 38, 1415–1428 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-0326-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-0326-5