Abstract
Intensity-modulated fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, compared with normal wavelength-encoding FBG sensors, can reduce the cost of sensor system significantly by using cost-efficient optical power detection devices, instead of expensive wavelength measurement instruments. Chirped-FBG (CFBG) based intensity-modulated sensors show potential applications in various sensing areas due to their many advantages, including inherent independence of temperature, high measurement speed, and low cost, in addition to the merits of all fiber-optic sensors. This paper theoretically studies the sensing principle of CFBG-based intensity-modulated sensors and briefly reviews their recent progress in measurement of displacement, acceleration, and tilt angle.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. R. Giles, “Lightwave applications of fiber Bragg gratings,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 1391–1404, 1997.
Y. J. Rao, “In-fiber Bragg grating sensors,” Meas. Sci. & Technol., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 355–375, 1997.
M. G. Xu, L. Reekie, Y. T. Chow, and J. P. Dakin, “Optical in-fiber grating high pressure sensor,” Electron. Lett., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 398–399, 1993.
Y. Liu, Z. Guo, Y. Zhang, K. S. Chiang, and X. Dong, “Simultaneous pressure and temperature measurement with polymer-coated fiber Bragg grating,” Electron. Lett., vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 564–566, 2000.
T. A. Berkoff and A. D. Kersey, “Experimental demonstration of a fiber Bragg grating accelerometer,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 1677–1679, 1996.
M. D. Todd, G. A. Johnson, B. A. Althouse, and S. T. Vohra, “Flexural beam-based fiber Bragg grating accelerometers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 1605–1607, 1998.
X. Dong, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, and X. Dong, “Simultaneous displacement and temperature measurement with cantilever-based fiber Bragg grating sensor,” Opt. Commun., vol. 192, no. 3–6, pp. 213–217, 2001.
X. Dong, H. Meng, G. Kai, Z. Liu, and X. Dong, “Bend measurement with chirp of fiber Bragg grating,” Smart Mater. Struct., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1111–1113, 2001.
K. O. Lee, K. S. Chiang, and Z. H. Chen, “Temperature-insensitive fiber-Bragg-grating-based vibration sensor,” Opt. Eng., vol. 40, no. 11, pp. 2582–2585, 2001.
B. O. Guan, H. Y. Tam, and S. Y. Liu, “Temperatureindependent fiber Bragg grating tilt sensor,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 224–226, 2004.
H. Bao, X. Dong, C. Zhao, C. C. Chan, and P. Shum, “Temperature-insensitive FBG tilt sensor with a large measurement range,” Opt. Commun., vol. 283, no. 6, pp. 968–970, 2010.
S. He, X. Dong, K. Ni, C. C. Chan, and P. Shum, “Temperature-insensitive 2D tilt sensor with three fiber Bragg gratings,” Meas. Sci. Technol., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 025203–025206, 2010.
H. Bao, X. Dong, L. Shao, C. Zhao, and S. Jin, “Temperature-insensitive 2-D tilt sensor by incorporating fiber Bragg gratings with a hybrid pendulum,” Opt. Commun., vol. 283, no. 24, pp. 5021–5024, 2010.
S. Yang, H. Meng, X. Dong, S. Yuan, and X. Dong, “Electric current measurement with high resolution using FBG covered by aluminum thin film,” Proc. SPIE, vol. 4595, pp. 200–203, 2001.
N. E. Fisher, D. J. Webb, C. N. Pannell, D. A. Jackson, L. R. Gavrilov, J. W. Hand, L. Zhang, and I. Bennion, “Ultrasonic field and temperature sensor based on short in-fiber Bragg gratings,” Electron. Lett., vol. 34, no.11, pp. 1139–1140, 1998.
L. Y. Shao, S. T. Lau, X. Dong, A. P. Zhang, H. L. W. Chan, H. Y. Tam, and S. He, “Highly sensitive ultrasonic hydrophone based on a cladding-etched fiber laser,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 548–550, 2008.
B. Lee and Y. Jeong, “Interrogation techniques for fiber grating sensors and the theory of fiber gratings,” in Fiber optical sensors. F. T. S. Yu and S. Yin Ed., New York: Marcel Dekker, 2002, pp. 295–381.
M. G. Xu, L. Dong, L. Reekie, J. A. Tucknott, and J. L. Cruz, “Temperature-independent strain sensor using a chirped Bragg grating in a tapered optical fiber,” Electron. Lett., vol. 31, no. 10, pp. 823–825, 1995.
Y. Zhu, P. Shum, C. Lu, B. M. Lacquet, P. M. Swart, and S. J. Spammer, “Fiber Bragg grating accelerometer with temperature insensitivity,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 151–153, 2003.
X. Yang, X. Dong, C. L. Zhao, J.H. Ng, Q. Peng, X. Zhou, and C. Lu, “Temperature-independent measurement of displacement based on the chirp tuning of a fiber grating,” Opt. Eng., vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 074401, 2005.
X. Dong, C. Zhan, K. Hu, P. Shum, and C. C. Chan, “Temperature-insensitive tilt sensor with strainchirped fiber Bragg gratings,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 17, no. 11, pp. 2394–2396, 2005.
R. Kashyap, Fiber Bragg gratings. New York: Academic Press, 1999.
X. Dong, X. Yang, C. L. Zhao, L. Ding, P. Shum, and N. Q. Ngo, “A novel temperature-insensitive fiber Bragg grating sensor for displacement measurement,” Smart Mater. Struct., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. N7–N10, 2005.
X. Y. Dong, P. Shum, N. Q. Ngo, C. C. Chan, J. H. Ng, and C. L. Zhao, “Largely tunable CFBG-based dispersion compensator with fixed center wavelength,” Opt. Express, vol. 11, no. 22, pp. 2970–2974, 2003.
W. Zhou, X. Dong, K. Ni, C. C. Chan, and P. Shum, “Temperature insensitive accelerometer based on a strain-chirped FBG,” Sens., Actuat. A, vol. 257, no. 1, pp. 15–18, 2010.
W. Zhou, X. Dong, C. Shen, C. Zhao, C. C. Chan, and P. Shum, “Temperature-independent vibration sensor with a fiber Bragg grating,” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 2282–2285, 2010.
L. Li, X. Dong, L. Shao, C. Zhao, and Y. Sun, “Temperature-independent acceleration measurement with a strain-chirped fiber Bragg grating,” J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater., vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 943–946, 2010.
H. Bao, X. Dong, L. Y. Shao, C. Zhao, C. C. Chan, and P. Shum, “Temperature-insensitive pendulum clinometer using two fiber Bragg gratings for 2D tilt angle measurement,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 863–865, 2010.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
About this article
Cite this article
Dong, X. Intensity-modulated optical fiber sensors based on chirped-fiber Bragg gratings. Photonic Sens 1, 251–259 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13320-011-0024-5
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13320-011-0024-5