Abstract
For a detailed characterisation of multiphase flows, a local measurement technique that is capable of quantifying both continuous and dispersed phases has to be employed. In the present study, a new optical probe was tested for its ability to provide simultaneous local measurements of gas and liquid/solid in a three-phase system. The new probe can measure the intensity of light reflection due to the presence of gas or liquid medium surrounding the probe tip in conjunction with the Doppler frequency caused by the approach of a solid particle. The experiments were carried out in a pseudo-2D rectangular column by passing gas bubbles through a stationary liquid with suspended seeding particles. In these experiments, measurements were carried out by using three techniques namely optical probe, particle image velocimetry (PIV), and high-speed imaging (HSI). PIV measurements were used to validate seeding particle velocity obtained using the optical probe, whereas HSI technique was used to validate bubble chord length data from optical probe. The difference between the particle velocity from the probe and PIV was in a range of 13%–20%, w hile the difference between chord length measured by the probe and HSI was within ±8%.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Change history
05 February 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42757-022-0132-z
References
A2 Photonic Sensors. 2019. Available at http://www.a2photonicsensors.com/en/index.html.
Andreussi, P., di Donfrancesco, A., Messia, M. 1988. An impedance method for the measurement of liquid hold-up in two-phase flow. Int J Multiphase Flow, 14: 777–785.
Besagni, G., Brazzale, P., Fiocca, A., Inzoli, F. 2016. Estimation of bubble size distributions and shapes in two-phase bubble column using image analysis and optical probes. Flow Meas Instrum, 52: 190–207.
Cartellier, A. 1992. Simultaneous void fraction measurement, bubble velocity, and size estimate using a single optical probe in gas-liquid two-phase flows. Rev Sci Instrum, 63: 5442–5453.
Chang, K.-A., Lim, H.-J., Su, C.-B. 2003. Fiber optic reflectometer for velocity and fraction ratio measurements in multiphase flows. Rev Sci Instrum, 74: 3559–3565.
Chaouki, J., Larachi, F., Dudukovic, M. 1997. Non-Invasive Monitoring of Multiphase Flows. Elsevier.
Chen, R. C., Fan, L.-S. 1992. Particle image velocimetry for characterizing the flow structure in three-dimensional gas-liquid-solid fluidized beds. Chem Eng Sci, 47: 3615–3622.
Chugh, D., Roy, S., Shao, J., Al-Dahhan, M. H. 2017. Experimental investigation of gas-liquid flow in monolith channels using monofiber optical probes. AIChE J, 63: 327–336.
Da Silva, M. J., Schleicher, E., Hampel, U. 2007. Capacitance wire-mesh sensor for fast measurement of phase fraction distributions. Meas Sci Technol, 18: 2245–2251.
Dong, F., Xu, Y. B., Xu, L. J., Hua, L., Qiao, X. T. 2005. Application of dual-plane ERT system and cross-correlation technique to measure gas-liquid flows in vertical upward pipe. Flow Meas Instrum, 16: 191–197.
Dyakowski, T. 1996. Process tomography applied to multi-phase flow measurement. Meas Sci Technol, 7: 343–353.
Elkow, K. J., Rezkallah, K. S. 1996. Void fraction measurements in gas-liquid flows using capacitance sensors. Meas Sci Technol, 7: 1153–1163.
Ferreira, T., Rasband, W. 2012. ImageJ user guide. ImageJ/Fiji, 1: 155–161.
Fossa, M. 1998. Design and performance of a conductance probe for measuring the liquid fraction in two-phase gas-liquid flows. Flow Meas Instrum, 9: 103–109.
Ismail, I., Gamio, J. C., Bukhari, S. F. A., Yang, W. Q. 2005. Tomography for multi-phase flow measurement in the oil industry. Flow Meas Instrum, 16: 145–155.
Lee, B. W., Dudukovic, M. P. 2014. Time-series analysis of optical probe measurements in gas-liquid stirred tanks. Chem Eng Sci, 116: 623–634.
Lucas, P., Mishra, R. 2005. Measurement of bubble velocity components in a swirling gas-liquid pipe flow using a local four-sensor conductance probe. Meas Sci Technol, 16: 749–758.
Manjrekar, O. N., Dudukovic, M. P. 2015. Application of a 4-point optical probe to a slurry bubble column reactor. Chem Eng Sci, 131: 313–322.
McGuinn, R. S., Gysling, D. L., Winston, C. R., Davis, A. R., Faustino, J. M. 2002. Non-intrusive fiber optic pressure sensor for measuring unsteady pressures within a pipe. U.S. Patent No. 6,450,037.
Mokhtari, M., Chaouki, J. 2019. New technique for simultaneous measurement of the local solid and gas holdup by using optical fiber probes in the slurry bubble column. Chem Eng J, 358: 831–841.
Mota, A., Ferreira, A., Vicente, A. A., Sechet, P., Martins, J. M. F., Teixeira, J. A., Cartellier, A. 2015. Customization of an optical probe device and validation of a signal processing procedure to study gas-liquid-solid flows. Application to a three-phase internal-loop gas-lift bioreactor. Chem Eng Sci, 138: 814–826.
Prakash, B., Bhatelia, T., Wadnerkar, D., Shah, M. T., Pareek, V. K., Utikar, R. P. 2019. Vortex shape and gas-liquid hydrodynamics in unbaffled stirred tank. Can J Chem Eng, 97: 1913–1920.
Prakash, B., Shah, M. T., Pareek, V. K., Utikar, R. P. 2018. Impact of HSPBT blade angle on gas phase hydrodynamics in a gas-liquid stirred tank. Chem Eng Res Des, 130: 219–229.
Prasser, H.-M., Böttger, A., Zschau, J. 1998. A new electrode-mesh tomograph for gas-liquid flows. Flow Meas Instrum, 9: 111–119.
Rahim, R. A., Rahiman, M. H. F., Chan, K. S., Nawawi, S. W. 2007. Non-invasive imaging of liquid/gas flow using ultrasonic transmission-mode tomography. Sensor Actuat A: Phys, 135: 337–345.
Spajer, M., Bergossi, O., Guignard, M. 1994. A scanning local probe profilometer and reflectometer: Application to optical control of integrated circuits. Opt Commun, 106: 139–145.
Tyagi, P., Buwa, V. V. 2017. Experimental characterization of dense gas-liquid flow in a bubble column using voidage probes. Chem Eng J, 308: 912–928.
Wedin, R., Davoust, L., Cartellier, A., Dahlkild, A. 2000. A mono-modal fiber-optices velocimeter for electrochemically generated bubbles. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Dynamics 10–13.
Wolf, H. A., Walter, R. E., Hofmann, L., Cody, G. D., Storch Jr., G. V. 1993. Non-intrusive flow meter for the liquid based on solid, liquid or gas borne sound. U.S. Patent 5,207,107.
Zhai, L.-S., Bian, P., Gao, Z. K., Jin, N. D. 2016. The measurement of local flow parameters for gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flows using a dual-sensor probe array. Chem Eng Sci, 144: 346–363.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Prakash, B., Parmar, H., Shah, M.T. et al. Simultaneous measurements of two phases using an optical probe. Exp. Comput. Multiph. Flow 1, 233–241 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42757-019-0025-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42757-019-0025-y