Skip to main content

An Efficient Event-Based Protocol for Emergency Situations in Smart Cities

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 926))

Abstract

Smart cities can offer a number of important and needed services for the citizens, including smart emergency services. In an emergency situation, mobile units such as police cars, fire trucks, and ambulances should move to the emergency location, thus performing an adequate care. A key question for achieving high performance in the service is to define and apply criteria to select and activate mobile units for each emergency situation. This paper presents an event-based protocol with event filtering by subscriber’s fitness, named Event to Most Suitable Subscribers (EMSS), by which the most appropriate mobile units are activated. A publish-subscribe middleware that implements the EMSS protocol was also developed. An application of the middleware to the police and the firefighter services is presented. The results show that, in the case where the most suitable mobile units are chosen, the service response time can be reduced. Therefore, the emergencies are more quickly attended, what is crucial for saving lives.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Alkandari, A., Meshal, A., Imad, F.T.A.: Smart cities: a survey. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Technol. Res. (JACSTR) 2(2), 79–90 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Antonic, A., Marjanovic, M., Skocir, P., Zarko, I. P.: Comparison of the CUPUS middleware and MQTT protocol for smart city services. In: 2015 13th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL), pp. 1–8. IEEE (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Boonma, P., Suzuki, J.: TinyDDS: an interoperable and configurable publish/subscribe middleware for wireless sensor networks. In: Wireless Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools and Applications, pp. 819-846. IGI Global (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Carzaniga, A., Rosenblum, D.S., Wolf, A.L.: Design and evaluation of a wide-area event notification service. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. (TOCS) 19(3), 332–383 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cenedese, A., Zanella, A., Vangelista, L., Zorzi, M.: Padova smart city: an urban internet of things experimentation. In: 2014 IEEE 15th International Symposium on World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM), pp. 1–6. IEEE (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  6. CET: Mobilidade no Sistema Viario Principal: Volume e Velocidade - 2016, June 2017. http://www.cetsp.com.br/media/574933/2016volumevelocidade.pdf

  7. Chitumalla, P.K., Harris, D., Thuraisingham, B., Khan, L.: Emergency response applications: dynamic plume modeling and real-time routing. IEEE Internet Comput. 1, 38–44 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Costa, P., Coulson, G., Gold, R., et al. : The RUNES middleware for networked embedded systems and its application in a disaster management scenario. In: Fifth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications, PerCom 2007, pp. 69–78. IEEE (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Distributed Computing Group. Sinalgo Tutorial (2015). https://disco.ethz.ch/apps

  10. Lai, S., Cao, J., Zheng, Y.: PSWare: a publish/subscribe middleware supporting composite event in wireless sensor network. In: IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications, PerCom 2009, pp. 1–6. IEEE (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Leontiadis, I.: Publish/subscribe notification middleware for vehicular networks. In: Proceedings of the 4th on Middleware doctoral symposium, pp. 1–12. ACM (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Meier, R., Cahill, V.: Steam: event-based middleware for wireless ad hoc networks. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, pp. 639–644. IEEE (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mohanty, S.P., Choppali, U., Kougianos, E.: Everything you wanted to know about smart cities: the internet of things is the backbone. IEEE Consum. Electron. Mag. 5(3), 60–70 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Musolesi, M., Mascolo, C., Hailes, S.: EMMA: epidemic messaging middleware for ad hoc networks. Pers. Ubiquit. Comput. 10(1), 28–36 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Pietzuch, P.R., Bacon, J.M.: Hermes: a distributed event-based middleware architecture. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, pp. 611–618. IEEE (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ribeiro, A.R., Silva, F., Freitas, L.C., et al. : SensorBus: a middleware model for wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International IFIP/ACM Latin American conference on Networking, pp. 1–9. ACM (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Silva, J.R., Delicato, F.C., Pirmez, L., et al. : PRISMA: a publish-subscribe and resource-oriented middleware for wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the Tenth Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications, Paris, France, p. 8797 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Souto, E., Guimares, G., Vasconcelos, G., et al.: Mires: a publish/subscribe middleware for sensor networks. Pers. Ubiquit. Comput. 10(1), 37–44 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Technical report: police and fire department. Obtained in September 2016

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank CAPES and CNPq for their financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sediane C. L. Hernandes .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Hernandes, S.C.L., Pellenz, M.E., Calsavara, A., Penna, M.C. (2020). An Efficient Event-Based Protocol for Emergency Situations in Smart Cities. In: Barolli, L., Takizawa, M., Xhafa, F., Enokido, T. (eds) Advanced Information Networking and Applications. AINA 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 926. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15032-7_44

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics