Abstract
A better understanding of the time course of changes in muscle performance in response to spaceflight and exercise is required to maintain sufficient muscle function for long duration spaceflight. This paper presents a semi-empirical and dynamic muscle adaptation (atrophy and hypertrophy) model driven by a muscle activation profile that is directly related to muscle exercise intensity and exercise-rest cycles. The effect of muscle adaptation is described by two phenomenological parameters \( (s, \tau ) \), where \( s \) is related to the physiological limit of adaption and \( \tau \) governs rate of adaptation. Both \( s \) and \( \tau \) mathematically depend on the instantaneous muscle activation level \( (a) \). The model is calibrated against selected atrophy and hypertrophy experimental data. It was demonstrated that: (1) the model is capable to handle muscle atrophy and hypertrophy in a unified setting; (2) the model can be used for prediction of muscle atrophy during a 6-month spaceflight under two different exercise regimes.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Dr. Beth Lewandowski of NASA Glenn Research Center and Dr. Lori Ploutz-Snyder of NASA Johnson Space Center for discussion on astronaut exercise routines on ISS and other related issues.
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Zhou, X., Roos, P.E., Chen, X. (2018). Modeling of Muscle Atrophy and Exercise Induced Hypertrophy. In: Cassenti, D. (eds) Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling. AHFE 2017. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 591. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60591-3_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60591-3_11
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