Abstract
Tourism in general is a hugely important source of export earnings (it is treated as a service export, even though it is consumed in the country in which it is provided) and a dynamic sector of the world economy. Earnings from tourism (receipts) reached $852 billion even in recession battered 2009 (World Bank). Between 2000 and 2015, the number of international tourists grew from 675 million to 1.2 billion (World Bank). Growth was led by tourist arrivals in developing and emerging economies, which far outpaced growth in tourism to advanced economies, although the latter still lead in absolute numbers. It is, therefore, no mystery why the main focus with regard to economic development of Kenya - classified as developing country, was put on the tourism industry, the merits of which are essentially in terms of increased foreign exchange receipts, balance of payments, government revenues, employment, and increased economic activity in general.
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Notes
- 1.
Social scientists, primarily of white European descent, formulated modernization theory during the mid-twentieth century. Reflecting on a few hundred years of history in North America and Western Europe, and taking a positive view of the changes observed during that time, they developed a theory that explains that modernization is a process that involves industrialization, urbanization, rationalization, bureaucracy, mass consumption, and the adoption of democracy.
- 2.
In 1960 Kenya’s European population represented less than 1% of the populous, however they managed to account for 40% of the wage-bill (Nulty, 2012).
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Hassan, J., Gunkevych, R., Rismani, S. (2019). Economic Development of Kenya, Tourism Industry Impact. In: Kantola, J.I., Nazir, S., Barath, T. (eds) Advances in Human Factors, Business Management and Society. AHFE 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 783. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94709-9_13
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