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Research Progress on the Resin Canal and Raw Lacquer Synthesis of Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley

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Plant Cell and Tissue Differentiation and Secondary Metabolites

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

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Abstract

Lacquer tree [Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley] is a special economic tree in China; raw lacquer (also known as oriental lacquer) is the sap from phloem of lacquer trees. In this chapter, a detailed analysis of the anatomy, development, and ultrastructure of the resin canals were performed, to investigate the structural characteristics and ontogeny of resin canal, phloem structure, and the synthesis and secretion of raw lacquer. The results showed that the vertical system of the secondary phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, parenchyma cells, stone cells, and resin canals, and radial system is composed with the phloem rays. The phloem structure was similar with different varieties but displayed differences in secondary phloem thickness, raw lacquer yields, and urushiol homologue content. The diameter of resin canals and the bark thickness were positively correlated with the raw lacquer yields and urushiol content. This cytological study on the structure of secretory cells and the secretion of raw lacquer showed that the resin canals were formed by the initial cells of secretory cells through schizogeny. Secretory granules with monofilm were shaped by Golgi bodies and transported to the plasma membrane. Thereafter, the granules were fused with the cell membrane, and the interior flocculent materials were released to the periplasmic space and spread to the resin canals through the cell walls of secretory cells. Finally, the cells fused and gathered in the lumen to form raw lacquer. The present study offers detailed information on the development and microstructure of resin canals, ultrastructure of secretory cells, and the process of raw lacquer secretion.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.: 31300157, 31401435).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, People’s Republic of China

    Meng Zhao

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  1. Meng Zhao
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Correspondence to Meng Zhao .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, M.L.Sukhadia university, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland

    Halina Maria Ekiert

  3. Amarillo, TX, USA

    Shaily Goyal

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Zhao, M. (2019). Research Progress on the Resin Canal and Raw Lacquer Synthesis of Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley. In: Ramawat, K., Ekiert, H., Goyal, S. (eds) Plant Cell and Tissue Differentiation and Secondary Metabolites. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11253-0_6-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11253-0_6-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11253-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-11253-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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