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Encyclopedia of Geodesy pp 1–11Cite as

Geodesy in Polar Regions

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Synonyms

Polar geodesy

Definition

Due to F. R. Helmert (1880), geodesy is the science of surveying and mapping the Earth’s surface. In the modern understanding of geodesy, this means to determine the figure of the Earth: the geometry of the Earth’s surface and the (exterior) gravity field of the Earth with its distinct equipotential surface, the geoid, to determine the orientation of the Earth in space as well as temporal changes of all these quantities. This definition holds also for the application of geodesy in polar regions.

Introduction

The polar regions can be defined as those high-latitude regions bounded by the Arctic Circle to the south and by the Antarctic Circle to the north. Due to the obliquity of the ecliptic, the polar circles are situated at the latitudes 66.56° north and south, respectively. For the Antarctic, the limit is often taken at 60°S due to the Antarctic Treaty (signed 1959, effective since 1961) (Sir Watts, 1992). In the north, the Arctic Ocean is almost...

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  1. Institut für Planetare Geodäsie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany

    Mirko Scheinert, Martin Horwath, Reinhard Dietrich, Ralf Rosenau & Christoph Knöfel

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  1. Mirko Scheinert
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  2. Martin Horwath
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  3. Reinhard Dietrich
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  4. Ralf Rosenau
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  5. Christoph Knöfel
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Correspondence to Mirko Scheinert .

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  1. Geodetic Institute, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

    Erik Grafarend

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Scheinert, M., Horwath, M., Dietrich, R., Rosenau, R., Knöfel, C. (2014). Geodesy in Polar Regions. In: Grafarend, E. (eds) Encyclopedia of Geodesy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_41-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_41-1

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