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Urothelial Carcinoma in Situ

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Encyclopedia of Pathology

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

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Synonyms

Flat noninvasive urothelial carcinoma; High-grade intraurothelial neoplasia (nor recommended)

Definition

Urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) is a flat noninvasive tumor of variable cell-layer thickness in which the urothelium is composed of high-grade malignant cells.

Clinical Features

The clinical presentation is nonspecific with over 20% of patients being asymptomatic. Patients may present gross or microscopic hematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency, or urgency. It may appear as erythematous velvety or granular patches on cystoscopy.

  • Incidence

    De novo or isolated carcinoma in situ (referred to as primary urothelial carcinoma in situ) accounts for up to 3% of bladder neoplasms. Secondary CIS is diagnosed during follow-up of a patient with known bladder tumor or at time of diagnosis of an urothelial carcinoma (concomitant secondary CIS).

  • Age

    Patient’s age at diagnosis ranges 32–90 years (mean, 66 years).

  • Sex

    The male-to-female ratio is approximately 7:1.

  • Site

    There is...

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References and Further Reading

  • Hartmann, A., Schlake, G., Zaak, D., et al. (2002). Occurrence of chromosome 9 and p53 alterations in multifocal dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of human urinary bladder. Cancer Research, 62, 809–818.

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  • Jung, S., Wu, C., et al. (2014). The role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of flat urothelial lesions: A study using CK20, CK5/6, P53, Cd138, and Her2/Neu. Annals of Diagnostic Pathology, 18, 27–32.

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  • Lopez Beltran, A., Luque, R. J., et al. (2002). The pagetoid variant of bladder urothelial carcinoma in situ: A clinicopathological study of 11 cases. Virchows Archiv, 441, 148–153.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Beltran, A., Jimenez, R. E., Montironi, R., et al. (2011). Flat urothelial carcinoma in situ of the bladder with glandular differentiation. Human Pathology, 42, 1653–1659.

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  • Lopez-Beltran, A., Montironi, R., Raspollini, M. R., et al. (2018). Iatrogenic pathology of the urinary bladder. Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology, 35, 218–227.

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  • McKenney, J. K., Gomez, J. A., Desai, S., et al. (2001). Morphologic expressions of urothelial carcinoma in situ: A detailed evaluation of its histologic patterns with emphasis on carcinoma in situ with microinvasion. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 25, 356–362.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pathology Service, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Lisbon, Portugal

    Rita Canas-Marques & Antonio Lopez-Beltran

  2. Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy

    Maria Rosaria Raspollini

  3. Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region Ancona, Ancona, Italy

    Alessia Cimadamore & Rodolfo Montironi

  4. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Liang Cheng

  5. Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgery, Cordoba University Medical School, Cordoba, Spain

    Antonio Lopez-Beltran

Authors
  1. Rita Canas-Marques
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  2. Maria Rosaria Raspollini
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  3. Alessia Cimadamore
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  4. Rodolfo Montironi
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  5. Liang Cheng
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  6. Antonio Lopez-Beltran
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio Lopez-Beltran .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. NIJMEGEN, The Netherlands

    J.H.J.M. van Krieken

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Canas-Marques, R., Raspollini, M.R., Cimadamore, A., Montironi, R., Cheng, L., Lopez-Beltran, A. (2019). Urothelial Carcinoma in Situ. In: van Krieken, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4980-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4980-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

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