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Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 1 (VMAT1)

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Pathology

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

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Synonyms

Chromaffin Granule Amine Transporter (CGAT); Solute Carrier family 18 member 1 (SLC18A1)

Definition

VMAT1 is a monoamine transporter responsible for the storage of cytosolic monoamines into vesicles using an ATPase-dependent H+ gradient.

Features

Discovered in 1992 in rat pheochromocytomas, VMAT1 is the first member of VMAT family, also including VMAT2, responsible for the storage of cytoplasmatic monoamine into secretory granules. The VMAT family consists of 12 transmembrane segments transporters, with both extremities in the cytoplasmatic side, acts as an electrogenic antiporter of protons and monoamines, extruding two protons in order to internalize a single monoamine (serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and histamine), using an ATPase-dependent H+ gradient previously generated.

Its gene, mapping on chromosome 8p21, has a sequence homology of nearly 60% with VMAT2 and it is interspecies conserved; major differences are found at the C-terminal end of the...

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References and Further Reading

  • Anlauf, M., Eissele, R., Schäfer, M. K., Eiden, L. E., Arnold, R., Pauser, U., Klöppel, G., & Weihe, E. (2003). Expression of the two isoforms of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT1 and VMAT2) in the endocrine pancreas and pancreatic endocrine tumors. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 51, 1027–1040.

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  • Eissele, R., Anlauf, M., Schäfer, M. K., Eiden, L. E., Arnold, R., & Weihe, E. (1999). Expression of vesicular monoamine transporters in endocrine hyperplasia and endocrine tumors of the oxyntic stomach. Digestion, 60, 428–439.

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  • Erickson, J. D., Eiden, L. E., & Hoffman, B. J. (1992). Expression cloning of a reserpine-sensitive vesicular monoamine transporter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 89, 10993–10997.

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  • Erickson, J. D., Schafer, M. K., Bonner, T. I., Eiden, L. E., & Weihe, E. (1996). Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter. PNAS, 93, 5166–5171.

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  • Henry, J. P., Botton, D., Sagne, C., Isambert, M. F., Desnos, C., Blanchard, V., Raisman-Vozari, R., Krejci, E., Massoulie, J., & Gasnier, B. (1994). Biochemistry and molecular biology of the vesicular monoamine transporter from chromaffin granules. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 196, 251–262.

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  • Jakobsen, A. M., Andersson, P., Saglik, G., Andersson, E., Kölby, L., Erickson, J. D., Forssell-Aronsson, E., Wängberg, B., Ahlman, H., & Nilsson, O. (2001). Differential expression of vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) 1 and 2 in gastrointestinal endocrine tumours. The Journal of Pathology, 195, 463–472.

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  • Liu, Y., Schweitzer, E. S., Nirenberg, M. J., Pickel, V. M., Evans, C. J., & Edwards, R. H. (1994). Preferential localization of a vesicular monoamine transporter to dense core vesicles in PC12 cells. The Journal of Cell Biology, 127, 1419–1433.

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  • Temple, W., Mendelsohn, L., Kim, G. E., et al. (2016). Vesicular monoamine transporter protein expression correlates with clinical features, tumor biology, and MIBG avidity in neuroblastoma: A report from the Children’s Oncology Group. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 43, 474–481.

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  • Uccella, S., La Rosa, S., Volante, M., & Papotti, M. (2018). Immunohistochemical biomarkers of gastrointestinal, pancreatic, pulmonary, and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocrine Pathology, 29, 150–168.

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  • Wimalasena, K. (2011). Vesicular monoamine transporters: Structure-function, pharmacology, and medicinal chemistry. Medicinal Research Reviews, 31, 483–519.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

    Deborah Marchiori & Silvia Uccella

Authors
  1. Deborah Marchiori
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  2. Silvia Uccella
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Silvia Uccella .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. NIJMEGEN, The Netherlands

    J.H.J.M. van Krieken

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Marchiori, D., Uccella, S. (2022). Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 1 (VMAT1). In: van Krieken, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_5319-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_5319-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

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