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Urothelial Tumors in Children and Young Adults

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Pathology

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

Definition

Neoplasia arising from urothelium in the paediatric age, but also may occur in patients under 40 years.

Clinical Features

  • Incidence

    In pediatric patients urothelial tumors are rare, and they are distinctly less common than in elderly patients. They represent a small percentage of tumors. In young adults the incidenze is also very low.

  • Age

    Uncommon urothelial tumors may arise from puberty (around 12 years of age) (Alanee and Shukla 2010).

  • Sex

    Males are generally more affected than females (2:1).

  • Site

    Mainly in the bladder have been reported the rare pediatric urothelial carcinomas. A case report described a renal pelvic carcinoma which was incidentally found during a pyeloplasty in a child (Yanase et al. 1991).

  • Treatment

    The majority of patients with bladder urothelial neoplasms present with gross and painless hematuria (about 90%). Other symptoms include irritative voiding and pain. Diagnostic delay by at least 1 year from first symptom to diagnosis occurs in about 1/4 of...

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References and Further Reading

  • Alanee, S., & Shukla, A. R. (2010). Bladder malignancies in children aged <18 years: Results from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results database. BJU International, 106, 557–560.

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  • Berrettini, A., Castagnetti, M., Salerno, A., et al. (2015). Bladder urothelial neoplasms in pediatric age: Experience at three tertiary centers. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 11, 26.e1e26.e5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castillo-Martin, M., Collazzo Lorduy, C., Gladoun, N., et al. (2016). H-RAS mutation is a key molecular feature of pediatric urothelial bladder cancer. A detailed report of three cases. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 12, 91.e1–91.e7.

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  • Comperat, E., Larré, S., Roupret, M., et al. (2015). Clinicopathological characteristics of urothelial bladder cancer in patients less than 40 years old. Virchows Archiv, 466, 589–594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fine, S. W., Humphrey, P. A., Dehner, L. P., et al. (2004). Urothelial neoplasms in patients 20 years or younger: A clinicopathological analysis using the world health organization 2004 bladder consensus classification. The Journal of Urology, 174, 1976–1980.

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  • Kim, S. C., Park, S., Hoon Song, S. H., et al. (2018). Clinicopathological characteristics of urinary bladder tumors in Korean patients 20 years or younger. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 33, e242.

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  • Lerena, J., Krauel, L., & García-Aparicio, L. (2010). Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in children and adolescents: Six-case series and review of the literature. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 6, 481–485.

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  • Owen, H. C., Giedl, J., Wild, P. J., et al. (2010). Low frequency of epigenetic events in urothelial tumors in young patients. The Journal of Urology, 184, 459–463.

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  • Wild, P. J., Giedl, J., Stoehr, R., et al. (2007). Genomic aberrations are rare in urothelial neoplasms of patients 19 years or younger. The Journal of Pathology, 211, 18–25.

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  • Williamson, S. R., Wang, M., Montironi, R., et al. (2014). Molecular characteristics of urothelial neoplasms in children and young adults: A subset of tumors from young patients harbors chromosomal abnormalities but not FGFR3 or TP53 gene mutations. Modern Pathology, 27, 1540–1548.

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  • Yanase, M., Tsukamoto, T., Kumamoto, Y., et al. (1991). Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder or renal pelvis in children. European Urology, 19, 312–314.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy

    Maria Rosaria Raspollini

  2. Pathology Service, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Lisbon, Portugal

    Antonio Lopez-Beltran

  3. Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Surgery, Cordoba University Medical School, Cordoba, Spain

    Antonio Lopez-Beltran

Authors
  1. Maria Rosaria Raspollini
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  2. Antonio Lopez-Beltran
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maria Rosaria Raspollini .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. NIJMEGEN, The Netherlands

    J.H.J.M. van Krieken

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Raspollini, M., Lopez-Beltran, A. (2020). Urothelial Tumors in Children and Young Adults. In: van Krieken, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_5564-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_5564-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-28845-1

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