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Affirmative Action as Social Policy

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Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance

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Definitions

Adverse impact is when there is a substantially different rate of selection in hiring, promotion, or other employment decision which works to the disadvantage of members of a race, sex, or ethnic group.

Affirmative action refers to proactive efforts on the part of an employer to address the effects of past discrimination when EEO efforts alone will not suffice.

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 (18 Stat. 335–337), sometimes called Enforcement Act or Force Act, was a United States federal law enacted during the Reconstruction Era that guaranteed African Americans equal treatment in public accommodations, public transportation, and prohibited exclusion from jury service. The Supreme Court ruled in 1883 that the act was unconstitutional.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) prohibited employers and employment agencies from making employee and applicant personnel decisions based on race, color, religions, gender, or national origin and tasks the Equal Employment Opportunity...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA

    Ester W. Stokes

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  1. Ester W. Stokes
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Correspondence to Ester W. Stokes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA

    Ali Farazmand

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Stokes, E.W. (2016). Affirmative Action as Social Policy. In: Farazmand, A. (eds) Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2634-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2634-1

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