Definitions
LGBTQQIA+: This acronym has come to represent a wide variety of communities, spanning gender and sexual identities. By definition, LGBTQQIA+ reflects Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Questioning, Intersex, and Asexual communities. This acronym has undergone a number of changes in recent decades. Historically, it was simply GLB (Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual). However, social movements within subsets of the population advocated for change and expansion, and the acronym continues to grow. Concerns surrounding the inevitability of excluding particular groups has led to the proliferation of the acronym GSM (gender and sexual minorities), which is regarded as being more inclusive.
Introduction
Globally, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Questioning, Intersex, and Asexual [LGBTQQIA+] populations, also referred to as gender and sexual minorities [GSM], have endured centuries of prejudice and discrimination. However, the oppression faced by GSM has only been acknowledged, in...
References
Academy of Science of South Africa (2015) Diversity in human sexuality: implications for policy in Africa. ASSAI, Pretoria
Ashley F (2018) Don’t be so hateful: the insufficiency of anti-discrimination and hate crime laws in improving trans Well-being. Univ Tor Law J 68(1):1–36. Retrieved from https://muse.jhi.edu/article/684529
Bailey L, Ellis SJ, McNeil J (2014) The role of gender transition in decreasing suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Ment Health J Rev 19:209–220. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHRJ-05-2014-0015
Beyers J (2016) Insights from Hans Achteruis applied to violence on LGBT communities in Uganda. J Study of Relig 29:150–166. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/24805711
Blosnich J, Bossarte R (2012) Drivers of disparity: differences in socially-based risk factors of self-injurious and suicidal behaviors among sexual minority college students. J Am Coll Heal 60:141–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2011.623332
Dworkin SH (2002) LGBT identity, violence, and social justice: the psychological is political. Interlocking issues of culture, poverty, and violence: an international perspective. Presented at the National Convention of the American Psychological Association in Chicago
Edwards K, Sylaska K (2014) Intimate partner violence among LGBTQ+ college students. Carsey Institute: Building Knowledge for Families and Communities 69:1–4
Gruenewald J (2012) Are anti-LGBT homocides in the United States unique? J Interpers Violence 27:3601–3623. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260512462301
Hames M (2011) Violence against black lesbians: minding our language. Agenda 90:87–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2011.631774
Kosciw JG, Palmer NA, Kull RM, Greytak EA (2013) The effect of negative school climate on academic outcomes for LGBT youth and the role of in-school supports. J Sch Violence 12:45–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2012.732546
Kosciw JG, Zongrone AD (2019) A global school climate crisis: insights on lesbian, gay, bisexual, Transgender & Queer Students in Latin America. GLSEN, New York
LeVay S, Baldwin J, Baldwin J (2018) Discovering human sexuality, 4th edn. Sinauer, Oxford
Lick DJ, Durso LE, Johnson KL (2013) Minority stress and physical health among sexual minorities. Perspect Psychol Sci 8:521–548. https://doi.org/10.1177/174569163497965
Lugg CA, Adelman M (2015) Sociolegal contexts of LGBTQ issues in education. In: Wimberly GL (ed) LGBTQ issues in education: advancing a research agenda. American Educational Research Association, Washington, DC, pp 43–74
MacCartney D (2017) Monitoring the world society: LGBT human rights in Russia and Sweden. In: Demos V, Segal MT (eds) Gender panic, gender policy. Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley
Marzullo MA, Libman AJ (2009) Research overview: hate crimes and violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people. Human rights campaign foundation. Retrieved from www.hrc.org
Messinger AM (2017) LGBTQ intimate partner violence: lessons for policy, practice and research. University of California Press, Oakland
Murray A (2018) LGBTQ intimate partner violence: the invisible relationship. Dissenting Voice 7:1–9. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/dissentingvoices/vol7/iss1/8
Oswald RF, Blume L, Marks SR (2005) Decentering heteronormativity: a model for family studies. In: Bengston VL, Acock AC, Allen KR, Dilworth-Anderson P, Klein DM (eds) Sourcebook of family theory and research. SAGE
Peitzmeier SM, Yasin F, Stephenson R, Wirtz AL, Deleghoimbol A, Dorjgotov M, Baral S (2015) Sexual violence against men who have sex with men and transgender women in Mongolia: a mixed-methods study of scope and consequences. PLoS One 10:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139320
Peterson D, Panfil VR (eds.) (2014) Handbook of LGBT Communicities, Crime, and Justice. Springer Science and Business Media, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9188-0_1
Rose ID, Ganna Sheremenko, Catherine N. Rasberry, Catherine A. Lesesne, Susan N. Hocevar Adkins (2018) Sex differences in school safety and bullying experiences among sexual minority youth. J Sch Nurs 34(4):301–309
Santos KES, De Jesus CD (2020) Prevalence of bullying among LGBT students in Nueva Ecija. Open Access Library J 7:1–8. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106066
Stanley EA (2017) Anti-trans optics: recognition, opacity, and the image of form. South Atlantic Q 116:612–620. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-3961732
Sutter M, Perrin PB (2016) Discrimination, mental health, and suicidal ideation among LGBTQ people of color. J Couns Psychol 63:98–105. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000126
Turner-Frey W (2014) Homophobia is a global issue. Soc Work 59:281–282. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swu017
Wirtz AL, Poteat TC, Malik M, Glass N (2020) Gender-based violence against transgender people in the United States: a call for research and programming. Trauma Violence Abuse 21:221–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018757749
www.hrc.org (2020) A national epidemic: fatal anti-transgender violence in America in 2018. Retrieved from https://www.hrc.org/resources/a-national-epidemic-fatal-anti-transgender-violence-in-america-in-2018
Woods JB (2014) “Queering criminology”: overview of the state of the field. In Petreson and Panfil handbook
World Health Organization (2013) Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and nonpartner sexual violence. World Health Organization, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and South African Medical Research Council, Geneva
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
DiGregorio, N., Trask, B.S. (2020). Working Toward Reducing Violence Against LGBTQQIA+ Populations. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A., Brandli, L., Lange Salvia, A., Wall, T. (eds) Gender Equality. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70060-1_134-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70060-1_134-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-70060-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-70060-1
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Earth and Environm. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Earth and Environmental Sciences