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Riesenzellarteriitis (Arteriitis temporalis oder cranialis)

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Klinische Neurologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die Arteriitis temporalis (AT) ist eine Form der Riesenzellarteriitis, welche schwerpunktmäßig die A. carotis externa und ihre Äste betrifft, bei älteren Menschen (über 50 Jahre) auftritt und typischerweise mit Allgemeinsymptomen einhergeht. Serologisch finden sich ausgeprägte Entzündungszeichen, von denen eine meist deutliche Beschleunigung der Blutkörperchensenkungsgeschwindigkeit (BSG > 100 mm/h) und eine Erhöhung des C-reaktiven Proteins (CRP) diagnostisch am relevantesten sind. Etwa die Hälfte aller Patienten mit einer AT zeigt die Symptomatik einer Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) mit Schmerzen im Bereich der proximalen Muskulatur und Gelenke sowie Morgensteifigkeit. AT und PMR sind Facetten eines Krankheitsspektrums mit fließenden Übergängen. Zu den gefürchteten Komplikationen der Erkrankung zählen die ein- oder beidseitige Erblindung, Hirninfarkte und ein Befall der Aorta und ihrer Äste.

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  1. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie, DGN, Berlin, Deutschland

    Peter Berlit

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  1. Peter Berlit
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Correspondence to Peter Berlit .

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  1. Essen, Germany

    Peter Berlit

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Berlit, P. (2019). Riesenzellarteriitis (Arteriitis temporalis oder cranialis). In: Berlit, P. (eds) Klinische Neurologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44768-0_84-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44768-0_84-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-44768-0

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