Definitions
When internal pressure and centrifugal stress are acting on the high-temperature components in creep regime, they are direct sources to cause creep failure. Not only these types of external stresses but also thermal stress may cause creep damage. The repeat of thermal stress induces fatigue damage, as reviewed in the textbooks (Manson 1966; Taira and Ohtani 1979; Viswanathan 1993). Here, of particular importance is that the fatigue and creep damages progress in an interacted manner with each other called creep-fatigue.
Thermal Stress and Damages
The thermal stress is a type of self-balanced internal stress, and it is often a critical issue to be concerned at the start-up and shutdown process of high-temperature facilities during which transient temperature gradients often arise inside. A typical thermal stress cycling is illustrated in Fig. 1with respect to a...
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References
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Okazaki, M. (2019). Creep Fatigue. In: Altenbach, H., Öchsner, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Continuum Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53605-6_182-1
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