Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Malformations of Vessels, Fat, and Connective Tissue

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Braun-Falco´s Dermatology

  • 41 Accesses

Abstract

The most important distinction is between vascular malformations and vascular neoplasias. Although the hemangiomas of infancy and childhood are true vascular, proliferative tumors, they are included in this chapter because they show completely different biological behavior than the other vascular tumors and possibly – like some malformations – have a genetic basis. In contrast to neoplasms, vascular malformations do not primarily show a proliferation of vessels or vascular wall components. They are formed at birth and may then already be recognizable, but they become clinically manifest during childhood or adulthood. They increase proportionally with body growth without showing independent growth. The frequent pseudo-growth due to increasing vascular dilatation must be distinguished here.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Overviews

  • Cohen MM Jr (2006) Vascular update: morphogenesis, tumors, malformations, and molecular dimensions. Am J Med Genet A 140:2013–2038

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garzon MC, Huang JT, Enjolras O et al (2007a) Vascular malformations. Part I. J Am Acad Dermatol 56:353–370

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garzon MC, Huang JT, Enjolras O et al (2007b) Vascular malformations. J Am Acad Dermatol 56:541–564

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ISSVA Classification of Vascular Anomalies (2018) International Society for the study of vascular anomalies. Available at issva.org/classification. Accessed 29 July 2020

  • Stier MF, Glick SA, Hirsch RJ (2008) Laser treatment of pediatric vascular lesions: port wine stains and hemangiomas. J Am Acad Dermatol 58:261–285

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tannous Z, Rubeiz N, Kibbi AG (2010) Vascular anomalies: portwine stains and hemangiomas. J Cutan Pathol 37:88–95

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Infantile Hemangiomas

Vascular and Lymphatic Malformations, Angiodysplasia Syndromes, Angiectasias

Malformations of the Connective Tissue

  • Kim GH, Dy LC, Caldemeyer KS, Mirowski GW (2003) Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 48:600–601

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis KG, Bercovitch L, Dill SW et al (2004) Acquired disorders of elastic tissue: part II. Decreased elastic tissue. J Am Acad Dermatol 51:165–185

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ryder HF, Antaya RJ (2005) Nevus anelasticus, papular elastorrhexis, and eruptive collagenoma: clinically similar entities with focal absence of elastic fibers in childhood. Pediatr Dermatol 22:153–157

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fatty Tissue Deformities

  • Al Mutairi N, Joshi A, Nour-Eldin O (2006) Naevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis of Hoffmann-Zurhelle with angiokeratoma of Fordyce. Acta Derm Venereol 86:92–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Dentici ML, Terracciano A, Bellacchio E et al (2018) Intrafamiliar clinical variability of circumferential skin creases Kunze type caused by a novel heterozygous mutation of N-terminal TUBB gene. Clin Genet 93:1223–1228. https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.13232

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

First Describer

  • Babington BG (1865) Hereditary epistaxis. Lancet 2(2195):362–353

    Google Scholar 

  • Bean WB (1958) Vascular spiders and related lesions of the skin. Thomas, Springfield, pp 17–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Bean WB, Walsh JR (1956) Venous lakes. Arch Dermatol 74:459–463

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bockenheimer P (1907) Über die gemeine diffuse Phlebektasie der oberen Extremität. In: von Borst M (ed) Festschrift für Georg Eduard von Rindfleisch, unter Mitwirkung ehemaliger und jetziger Assistenten, Studiengenossen, befreundeter Fachkollegen und Verwandten Rindfleischs. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp 311–388

    Google Scholar 

  • Boon LM, Mulliken JB, Vikkula M et al (1994) Assignment of a locus for dominantly inherited venous malformations to chromosome 9p. Hum Mol Genet 3:1583–1587

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buschke A, Ollendorff H (1928) Ein Fall von dermatofibrosis lenticularis disseminata und osteopathia condensans disseminata. Dermatol Wochenschr 85:257–262

    Google Scholar 

  • Calzavara-Pinton PG, Colombi M, Carlino A et al (1995) Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum and arteriovenous fistulas with dominant transmission in the absence of metabolic disorders. Arch Dermatol 131:57–62

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cobb S (1915) Haemangioma of the spinal cord associated with skin naevi at the same metamere. Ann Surg 62:641–649

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Crocker HR (1893) Disease of the skin: their description, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment; with special reference to the skin eruptions of children, 2nd edn. Blakiston, Philadelphia, p 646. revised

    Google Scholar 

  • Eerola I, Boon LM, Mulliken JB et al (2003) Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation, a new clinical and genetic disorder caused by RASA1 mutation. Am J Hum Genet 73:1240–1249

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Enjolras O, Ciabrini D, Mazoyer E et al (1997) Extensive pure venous malformations in the upper or lower limb: a review of 27 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 36:219–225

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eppinger H (1937) Die Leberkrankheiten. In: Allgemeine und spezielle Pathologie und Therapie der Leber. Springer, Wien

    Google Scholar 

  • Fabry J (1915) Über einen Fall von Angiokeratoma circumscriptum am linken Oberschenkel. Dermatol Z 22:1–4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer W (1909) Über Naevus anaemicus. (Hierzu Taf. II und 1 Abbildung im Texte). Arch Dermatol Syph 96:47–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fordyce JA (1896) Angiokeratoma of the scrotum. J Cutan Dis 14:81–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox T, Fox CT (1879) On a case of lymphangiectodes. Trans Pathol Soc Lond 30:470–476

    Google Scholar 

  • Frieden IJ, Reese V, Cohen D (1996) PHACE syndrome. The association of posterior fossa brain malformations, hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, coarctation of the aorta and cardiac defects, and eye abnormalities. Arch Dermatol 132:307–311

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Girard C, Bigorre M, Guillot B, Bessis D (2006) PELVIS syndrome. Arch Dermatol 142:884–888

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gorham LW, Stout AP (1955) Massive osteolysis (acute spontaneous absorption of bone, phantom bone, disappearing bone); its relation to hemangiomatosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 37-A:985–1004

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gorham LW, Wright AW, Schultz HH et al (1954) Disappearing bones: a rare form of massive osteolysis, report of two cases, one with autopsy findings. Am J Med 17:674–681

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hamm H, Happle R (1986) Naevus vascularis mixtus. Bericht über 4 Beobachtungen. Hautarzt 37:388–392

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Happle R (2005) Nevus roseus: a distinct vascular birthmark. Eur J Dermatol 15:231–234

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Happle R, Küster W (1998) Nevus psiloliparus: a distinct fatty tissue nevus. Dermatology 197:6–10

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann E, Zurhelle E (1921) Über einen Naevus lipomatodes cutaneus superficialis der linken Glutäalgegend. Mit 3 Textabbildungen. Arch Dermatol Syph 130:327–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson JA (1889/1890) A peculiar form of serpiginous and infective nevoid disease. Arch Surg (Lond) 1:275 (plate 9)

    Google Scholar 

  • Imperial R, Helwig EB (1967a) Angiokeratoma. A clinicopathological study. Arch Dermatol 95:166–175

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Imperial R, Helwig EB (1967b) Verrucous hemangioma. A clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. Arch Dermatol 96:247–253

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson JBS (1838) A boneless arm. Boston Med Surg J 18:368–369

    Google Scholar 

  • Klippel M, Trénaunay P (1900) Du naevus variqueux ostéohypertrophique. Arch Gen Med (Paris) 3:641–642

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewandowsky F (1921) Über einen eigentümlichen Naevus der Brustgegend. Mit 1 Textabbilgung. Arch Dermatol Syphilol 131:90–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maffucci A (1881) Di un caso encendroma ed angioma multiplo. Movimento Medico-Surgico 3:399

    Google Scholar 

  • Martorell F (1949) Hemangiomatosis braquial ostéolitica. Angiologia 1:219–223

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mibelli V (1889) Di una nuova forma di cheratosi “l’angiocheratoma”. G Ital Mal Venereol 30:285–301

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris M (1889) Lymphangioma circumscriptum. In: Unna PG, Morris M, Leloir H et al (eds) Internationaler Atlas von seltenen Hautkrankheiten. Voss, Leipzig, pp 1–4. issue 1, plate 1, with 4 illustrations

    Google Scholar 

  • Osler WB (1901) On a family from recurring epistaxis, associated with multiple telangiectases of the skin and mucous membranes. Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull 12:333–337

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkes Weber FP (1907) Angioma formation in connection with hypertrophy of limbs and hemi-hypertrophy. Br J Dermatol 19:231–235

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkes Weber FP (1922) Right-sided hemi-hypotrophy resulting from right-sided congenital spastic hemiplegia, with a morbid condition of the left side of the brain, revealed by radiograms. J Neurol Psychopathol 3:134–139

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Redenbacher EAH (1828) De ranula sub lingua, speciali cum casu congenito. Dissertatio inauguralis, Lindauer, Monachii

    Google Scholar 

  • Rendu H (1896) Épistaxis répétées chez un sujét porteur de petits angiomas cutanés et muqueux. Bull Soc Méd Hóp (Paris) 13:731–733

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross CM (1969) Generalized folded skin with an underlying lipomatous nevus. “The Michelin Tire baby.”. Arch Dermatol 100:320–323

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schirmer R (1860) Ein Fall von Teleangiektasie. Arch Ophthalmol 7:119–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Servelle M (1948) Stase veneuse et croissance osseuse. Bull Acad Nat Med (Paris) 132:471–474

    Google Scholar 

  • Staricco RG, Mehregan AH (1961) Nevus elasticus and nevus elasticus vascularis. Arch Dermatol 84:943–947

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sturge WA (1879) A case of partial epilepsy, apparently due to a lesion of one of the vasomotor centres of the brain. Trans Clin Soc Lond 12:162–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Unna PG (1894) Naevi angiomatosi, Elephantiasis congenita angiomatosa. In: Die Histopathologie der Hautkrankheiten. Hirschwald, Berlin, pp 1186–1196

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Lohuizen CH (1922) Über eine seltene angeborene Hautanomalie (cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita). Acta Derm Venereol 3:201–211

    Google Scholar 

  • Vörner H (1906) Über Naevus anaemicus. Arch Derm Syph (Wien) 82:391–398

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weidman FD, Anderson NP, Ayres S (1933) Juvenile elastoma. Arch Dermatol Syph (Chicago) 28:182–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wernher A (1843) Die angeborenen Küsten-Hygrome und die ihnen verwandten Geschwülste in anatomischer, diagnostischer und therapeutischer Beziehung. Denkschrift zur Feier des 50jährigen Doctor-Jubiläums des Dr. Wilhelm Nebel. Heyer, Gießen

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic and Polyclinic for Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Ulrich Hohenleutner & Katja Ernst

Authors
  1. Ulrich Hohenleutner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Katja Ernst
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katja Ernst .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Gerd Plewig

  2. Department of Dermatology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Lars French

  3. Department of Dermatology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Thomas Ruzicka

  4. Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany

    Roland Kaufmann

  5. Clinic for Dermatology and Allergology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Michael Hertl

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Lars E. French

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Hohenleutner, U., Ernst, K. (2021). Malformations of Vessels, Fat, and Connective Tissue. In: Plewig, G., French, L., Ruzicka, T., Kaufmann, R., Hertl, M. (eds) Braun-Falco´s Dermatology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58713-3_59-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58713-3_59-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-58713-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-58713-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation