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Ammonium Ionic Liquids

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Encyclopedia of Ionic Liquids

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Introduction

Ammonium ILs are salts comprising an ammonium-based cation and an organic or inorganic anion (Fig. 1). The cationic part of ammonium ILs is usually based on primary, secondary, and tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium cation. The anionic part can be more variable from simple ions such as halides, chloroaluminate, tetrafluoroborate, sulfonates, and carboxylates to complex anions, e.g., anions of natural origin. According to the feature of the ammonium cation, ammonium-type ILs can be divided into two main types: protic ammonium ILs and aprotic ammonium ILs. A key feature of protic ammonium ILs is that they have an available or more than one proton on the N atom of cation. By convention, the rest of the ammonium-based ILs, which have no proton on the cation, can be classified as aprotic ammonium ILs. It is worth mentioning that ammonium ILs of dications with linked protic and aprotic centers have also been reported [1, 2].

Fig. 1
figure 1

Typical structure of ammonium-based ILs

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Lab of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China

    Lei Yang

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  1. Lei Yang
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Correspondence to Lei Yang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Institute of Process Engineering, Beijing, China

    Suojiang Zhang

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  1. Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

    Fuwei Li

  2. Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

    Zhen Li

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Yang, L. (2021). Ammonium Ionic Liquids. In: Zhang, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Ionic Liquids. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6739-6_118-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6739-6_118-1

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