Abstract
The Welsh humanist scholar, poet, and educator Leonard Cox is remembered mostly for his involvement in Erasmian circles in Poland and the Kingdom of Hungary, as well as his contribution to the educational and religious reforms of the 1530s and 1540s in England. During his extended stay in Central Europe, he was instrumental in disseminating Erasmus’s and Melanchthon’s works, and his publications include educational treatises, editions of and commentaries on classical and Neo-Latin authors, and occasional poetry addressed to prominent figures associated with the University of Kraków and the Polish court of Sigismund I. After returning to England, Cox became an evangelical reformer and continued, with lasting effect, popularizing continental humanist ideas in the vernacular through his English translation of Erasmus’s The Paraphrase of Erasmus Roterdame upon the Epistle of Saint Paule unto His Discyple Titus and his The Art or Crafte of Rhetoryke, the first English rhetorical handbook based on Melanchthon’s Institutiones rhetoricae. Through his ambitious, though incomplete, translation project which meant to cover other works by Erasmus, Cox intended to expand his educational mission not only to grammar schools but also to the general public of the newly reformed English commonwealth.
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References
Primary Literature
Cox, Leonard. 1518a. De laudibus celeberrimae Cracouiensis Academiae oratio. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1518b. Hieronymus, Epistola ad Rusticum monachum qua vivendi formam praescribit, per Erasm. Rot. diligentissime recognita, by Desiderius Erasmus. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1519. Diui Eusebii Hieronymi Stridonensis epistola ad Eustochium de custodia uirginitatis, by Desiderius Erasmus. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1520. De laudibus diuinis opusculum cum argumentis Leonardi Coxi Britanni, by Giovanni Pontano. Cracow: Johannes Haller.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1524. Venatio una cum scholiis non ineruditis Leonardi Coxi Britanni, by Adriano Castellesi. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard. 1526a. Libellus de erudienda iuuentute. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1526a. Hyperaspistes diatribae aduersum seruum arbitrium Martini Lutheri, by Desiderius Erasmus. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1526b. Grammaticae methodus et Donati de octo orationis partibus libellus, by Aelius Donatus. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard. 1526c. Methodus humaniorum studiorum. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1527a. Epistola Martini Lutheri ad Henricum VIII. Responsio dicti inuictissimi Angliae ac Franciae regis, defensoris fidei, ac domini Hyberniae etc, by Martin Luther and Henry VIII. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1527b. Oratiunculae variae puerorum usui expositae, by Johannes Murmellius. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1527c. Statii Papinii poete suavissimi Sylve cum scholiis a Leonardo Coxo Anglo adiectis, by Publius Papinius Statius. Cracow: Mathias Scharffenberg.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1527d. Quinti Horatii Flacci Epodon ad Aldini exemplaris fidem recognitum Saeculari Carmine adiuncto, by Quintus Horatius Flaccus. Cracow: Mathias Scharffenberg.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1528. Dictionarius Ioannis Murmellii uariarum rerum, by Johannes Murmellius. Cracow: Hieronymus Vietor.
Cox, Leonard. 1532. The Art or Crafte of Rhetoryke. London: Robert Redman.
Cox, Leonard, trans. 1534. The paraphrase of Erasmus Roterdame upon the epistle of Saint Paule unto his discyple Titus. London: John Boydell.
Cox, Leonard, ed. 1540. De octo orationis partium constructione libellus, by William Lily and Desiderius Erasmus. London: Thomas Berthelet.
Secondary Literature
Breeze, Andrew. 1987–1988. Leonard Cox, a Welsh humanist in Poland and Hungary. National Library of Wales Journal 25: 399–410.
Breeze, Andrew, and Jacqueline Glomski. 1991. An early British treatise upon education: Leonard Cox’s De erundienda iuventute (1526). Humanistica Lovaniensia 40: 112–167.
Carpenter, Frederic Ives, ed. 1899. The Arte or Crafte of Rhethoryke. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Emden, A.B. 1974. Cox, Leonard. In: A biographical register of the University of Oxford, A.D. 1501 to 1540, 145. Oxford.
Fantazzi, Charles, ed. 1527. The Correspondence of Erasmus, vol. 13. Letters 1802–1925, March–December 1527. Toronto.
Glomski, Jacqueline. 1998. Italian influences on early humanist educational theory at Cracow (1495–1530). In Acta Conventus Neo-Latini Bariensis. Proceedings of the ninth international congress of neo-Latin studies, ed. J.F. Alcina et al., 285–292. Tempe: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies.
Glomski, Jacqueline. 2000. The imitation of non-classical models in the Renaissance: Italian Neo-Latin writing and the early Cracow humanists (1510–1525). In Acta Conventus Neo-Latini Abulensis: Proceedings of the tenth international congress of neo-Latin studies, ed. Jenaro Costas Rodriguez et al., 293–299. Tempe: Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies
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Juhász-Ormsby, Á. (2017). Cox, Leonard. In: Sgarbi, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02848-4_478-1
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